Category: Podcast

ETFs vs. Mutual Funds: What’s the Real Difference?

Posted on by Brian Colvert

ETFs vs. Mutual Funds: What’s the Real Difference?

Why This Matters

When it comes to building a smart, diversified portfolio, knowing whether to invest via ETFs vs. mutual funds can make a significant difference. These two investment vehicles share many core features. They are both pooled investments managed under the Investment Company Act of 1940, offer exposure to a range of assets, and cater to different risk and strategy preferences.

But while they are similar in concept, the nuances matter. From trading flexibility to cost, tax efficiency, and suitability for beginners, understanding how ETFs and mutual funds differ can help you make informed decisions and potentially save you money along the way.

Today we will cover:

  • What ETFs and mutual funds actually are

  • Their key differences and similarities

  • Pros and cons of each, including insights not always covered in mainstream articles

  • A detailed FAQ to answer your most common questions

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What Is a Mutual Fund?

A mutual fund pools money from many investors and is managed by a professional or team that buys a diversified portfolio of securities such as stocks, bonds, or other assets based on a stated investment objective.

Key features of mutual funds:

  • Pricing and transactions: Priced once per day, after the market closes. This price is called the Net Asset Value (NAV). No matter when you place your order during the trading day, you receive that end-of-day price.

  • Fees and expenses: May include management fees, distribution (12b-1) fees, and potentially loads, either front-end (paid when buying) or back-end (paid when selling).

  • Minimum investment: Often designed for small or starter accounts. You can invest small amounts like $100 without worrying about buying full shares.

What Is an ETF?

An ETF, or Exchange Traded Fund, is also a pooled investment vehicle, but it behaves more like a stock in how it is traded.

Key features of ETFs:

  • Intraday trading: You can buy or sell ETF shares any time during market hours, and prices change live based on supply and demand.

  • Trading strategies: ETFs allow use of limit orders, stop orders, margin, short-selling, and even options in some cases.

  • Cost structure: Generally, there is no load, and expense ratios tend to be lower, especially for index-based ETFs, though some specialty ETFs may have higher fees.

  • Tax efficiency: The in-kind creation and redemption mechanism allows ETFs to avoid triggering taxable capital gains within the fund structure.

Side-by-Side Comparison: ETFs vs. Mutual Funds

Trading

  • Mutual Funds: Once per day at Net Asset Value (NAV).

  • ETFs: Intraday trading like stocks

Fees

  • Mutual Funds: May include loads, management, and 12b-1 fees

  • ETFs: Generally lower expense ratios and no loads

Minimum Investment

  • Mutual Funds: Often low, ideal for starter accounts

  • ETFs: Need full shares, though fractional trading is becoming more common

Tax Efficiency

  • Mutual Funds: Can trigger capital gains distributions

  • ETFs: In-kind mechanism reduces tax drag

Trading Features

  • Mutual Funds: Limited flexibility, trades only at NAV

  • ETFs: Flexible, allow limit orders, margin, and options

Transparency

  • Mutual Funds: Holdings disclosure may be delayed

  • ETFs: Typically disclose holdings daily

Best For

  • Mutual Funds: Small accounts, automatic investing, beginners

  • ETFs: Active traders, tax-sensitive investors, niche exposure

When to Pick ETFs and When Mutual Funds Fit Better

Choose ETFs if you:

  • Want real-time price control and use trading tools like limit orders

  • Are tax-conscious, especially in taxable accounts

  • Seek inexpensive access to niche or thematic strategies

  • Prefer daily transparency on fund holdings

Choose Mutual Funds if you:

  • Are building an account with small contributions, such as $100

  • Prefer simplicity and automatic investing

  • Are limited by retirement plans that only support mutual funds

  • Value the stability of once-per-day pricing

Hidden Costs and Risks to Know

  • ETFs may incur bid-ask spreads and sometimes trade at premiums or discounts to NAV. Liquidity matters, since thinly traded ETFs can cost more.

  • Mutual funds may carry loads or 12b-1 fees, which can reduce returns, especially in actively managed funds.

  • Behavioral risks: Some investors misuse ETFs by trading too often, which can reduce returns compared to buy-and-hold strategies.

FAQs: ETFs vs. Mutual Funds

Which is more cost-effective, ETFs or mutual funds?
ETFs generally have lower expense ratios and better tax efficiency, but certain mutual funds, especially institutional share classes, can be competitive.

Can ETFs reduce tax liabilities compared to mutual funds?
Yes. ETFs use an in-kind redemption process that helps avoid capital gains distributions, making them more tax-efficient than most mutual funds.

Are mutual funds better for small investors?
Often yes. Mutual funds let small investors start with minimal amounts without needing to buy full shares, which is ideal for new accounts or smaller contributions.

Can I use stop-loss or limit orders with mutual funds?
No. These tools are available only with ETFs because mutual funds transact only at end-of-day NAV.

Is one inherently safer than the other?
Neither structure is inherently safer. Safety depends on the underlying investments. However, mutual funds may feel less volatile because they do not trade intraday.

Are actively managed ETFs and mutual funds the same?
Yes, both can be actively managed. ETFs now include many actively managed strategies, though mutual funds are still more common in this category.

Can investors lose out by switching to ETFs?
Possibly. ETFs offer cost and tax benefits, but overtrading and poor timing decisions can hurt returns compared to long-term holding in mutual funds.

Do ETFs or mutual funds pay dividends?
Yes. Both ETFs and mutual funds can pay dividends if the underlying securities generate income. With ETFs, dividends are usually paid quarterly. Mutual funds may distribute dividends monthly, quarterly, or annually depending on the fund.

Can I buy ETFs in my 401(k)?
Most 401(k) plans do not allow direct ETF purchases. They typically offer mutual funds instead. However, if your 401(k) has a brokerage window, you may be able to access ETFs.

Which is better for retirement accounts?
Both can be appropriate. Mutual funds often dominate retirement plans because of their automatic investment features, while ETFs may offer better tax efficiency in taxable accounts.

Do ETFs have minimum investments?
No official minimums exist for ETFs, but you must buy at least one share (unless your broker allows fractional share investing). Mutual funds often have minimum investments ranging from $100 to $3,000.

Which has more options available, ETFs or mutual funds?
There are more ETFs and mutual funds combined than individual stocks on the U.S. exchanges. ETFs have grown rapidly and now offer thousands of strategies, from index funds to niche thematic investments.

Do ETFs or mutual funds have better performance?
Neither structure guarantees better performance. Returns depend on the fund’s strategy, management, and underlying assets. However, ETFs often outperform similar mutual funds after fees and taxes.

Can I dollar-cost average into ETFs?
Yes, but it may require your broker to support automatic investing in ETFs. Mutual funds are generally easier for dollar-cost averaging since they allow automatic contributions.

Which is better for beginners?
Mutual funds are often considered beginner-friendly due to their simplicity and automatic investment options. ETFs may appeal more to investors comfortable with brokerage accounts and trading.

Do ETFs ever close or shut down?
Yes. If an ETF does not attract enough assets, the provider may close it. Investors receive cash for their shares. Mutual funds can also close, though it is less common.

Are ETFs always cheaper than mutual funds?
Not always. While ETFs are often cheaper, some ultra-low-cost mutual funds rival ETFs on fees. Always compare expense ratios before deciding.

Can I trade ETFs after hours?
Yes. Many brokers allow ETF trading in pre-market and after-hours sessions. Mutual funds cannot be traded outside of standard market hours.

Do ETFs or mutual funds have commissions?
Most brokers today offer commission-free trading for ETFs and no-load mutual funds. However, some funds may still have transaction fees or loads.

Which is better for tax-advantaged accounts like IRAs?
Both can work well. Since taxes are deferred in IRAs, the ETF tax advantage is less important, so either structure can be suitable depending on investment goals.

Choosing What’s Right for You

ETFs and mutual funds share the same purpose: to help investors diversify with a single investment. The main differences are in trading flexibility, costs, tax treatment, and suitability for different types of investors.

  • ETFs are often best for those who want flexibility, low costs, and tax efficiency.

  • Mutual funds are often better for beginners, small accounts, or investors who want simple, automated investing.

  • The smartest move is to understand both options and choose what fits your strategy and goals.

Next Steps

Understanding the differences between ETFs vs. mutual funds is a great start, but the real question is how they fit into your financial plan. The right mix depends on your goals, your timeline, and the bigger picture of your financial life.

At Bonfire Financial, we help clients cut through the noise and build portfolios that actually work for them. If you are unsure whether ETFs or mutual funds are the right choice, or simply want a second opinion on your current strategy, we are here to help.

👉 Schedule a call with us today and get personalized guidance on your investments. A 15-20 minute conversation could help you save on costs, avoid common mistakes, and feel more confident about your financial future.

Required Minimum Distributions: RMDs Explained

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Why Required Minimum Distributions Matter

You’ve spent years building your nest egg in tax-deferred retirement accounts, your IRA, 401(k), maybe even TSP. It feels like free money. But once you hit your 70s, a new rule kicks in: Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs). And they’re far from “nice-to-have.” The IRS requires withdrawals starting at age 73, and missing or mismanaging them can blow up your retirement plans instantly.

Let’s break it all down: what RMDs are, why they’re critical, how to calculate them exactly, and the smartest ways to minimize their tax and financial impact.

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What Exactly Are Required Minimum Distributions?

Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) are the IRS’s way of making sure retirement funds don’t sit forever tax-deferred. Once you reach a certain age, you’re forced to start taking taxable withdrawals from your traditional IRAs or employer-sponsored plans like 401(k)s.

  • Why? Because decades of tax‑deferred growth mean big tax savings. Required Minimum Distributions ensure those deferred taxes eventually get paid.

  • No rollbacks allowed: Once withdrawn, you can’t return RMDs to the account, they’re permanent. 

When Do RMDs Start?

Thanks to the SECURE 2.0 Act, the timeline shifted:

  • Before 2023: RMDs began at age 72.

  • Starting 2023: The starting age moved to 73.

  • From 2033 onward: It will rise to 75 for those born in 1960 or later

Key Deadline Tips

Your first Required Minimum Distribution can be delayed until April 1 of the year after you reach RMD age, but delaying means you will owe two RMDs in the same year. After your first RMD, all future withdrawals must be completed by December 31 of each year.

Although allowed, delaying your first RMD is often a mistake because doubling up distributions can spike your taxable income all in one year.

How to Calculate Your Required Minimum Distribution

The calculation is straightforward, but precision matters.

  1. Find your account balance as of December 31 of the prior year.

  2. Determine your distribution period based on your age using the IRS tables (Uniform Lifetime, Joint and Last Survivor, or Single Life).

  3. Divide the account balance by the distribution period to find your required withdrawal.

Example:

If you are 75 with $2 million in your IRA at year end and your distribution period is 24.6, your RMD is approximately $81,300 ($2 million divided by 24.6).

If you have multiple accounts, you calculate each account’s RMD separately. For IRAs, you can withdraw the total from any one account if you prefer, but employer plans such as 401(k)s and inherited accounts must each have their own RMD taken directly.

Our partner custodian also offers a solid Required Minimum Distribution Calculator that you can use.

Penalties for Missing RMDs

This is where things can get expensive. The old penalty was 50 percent of the missed amount, but the IRS has reduced it.

  • The penalty is now 25 percent of the shortfall if you miss or under withdraw.

  • The penalty can be reduced to 10 percent if corrected promptly, usually by filing Form 5329 and paying the shortfall within two years.

Missing your RMD? Act quickly. The difference between a 25 percent penalty and 10 percent could mean saving tens of thousands of dollars.

Smart Strategies to Manage RMDs

Here is how to make Required Minimum Distributions work for you instead of against you.

Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs)

Donating directly from your IRA to a charity reduces your RMD amount and your taxable income. You can begin QCDs at age 70 and a half, even before you must start RMDs. If you are already giving to charitable causes, this can be an excellent way to maximize your impact while reducing taxes.

Roth Conversions

Moving funds from your traditional IRA into a Roth IRA can reduce future RMDs since Roth IRAs do not require distributions during the account owner’s lifetime. This strategy can also lower the tax burden for your heirs. Be aware that the amount converted is considered taxable income and could increase your Medicare premiums. Always take your current year’s Required Minimum Distributions before making a Roth conversion and consult with a tax advisor first.

Timing with Market Conditions

With market volatility, taking RMDs during a down year may force you to sell investments at a loss. One tactic is to liquidate the required amount in advance during stronger market periods and hold it in a stable account until needed.

Employer Plan Delays

If you are still working and do not own 5 percent or more of your employer, you may be able to delay RMDs on employer plans. However, this does not apply to IRAs.

Understanding Inherited RMDs

For inherited IRAs received after 2019, beneficiaries generally must empty the account within 10 years. If the original owner had already started RMDs, you may still need to take annual withdrawals during the 10 year period. This makes Roth IRAs an attractive estate planning option, since withdrawals are tax free and there are no lifetime RMDs for the original owner.

RMDs and Estate Planning

If estate planning is important to you, consider how RMD rules interact with inheritance.

Inherited IRAs now have the 10 year rule for full withdrawal. This means your heirs may be forced to take large taxable distributions during what could be their highest earning years. Sometimes, it makes sense for the account owner to convert funds to a Roth IRA and pay taxes now so heirs can inherit tax free assets later.

A Roth IRA grows tax free, does not require lifetime RMDs for the original owner, and offers heirs more flexibility in managing withdrawals.

Final Thoughts

Required Minimum Distributions are not something you can ignore or leave to chance. They have evolved over the years and so have the strategies for handling them. With new age thresholds, reduced penalties, and tax planning tools like QCDs and Roth conversions, there are opportunities to manage them in a way that benefits your long-term financial plan.

By planning ahead, you can keep your tax bill under control, protect your Medicare premiums, and preserve more wealth for your heirs. The key is to think several steps ahead. What seems like the best move today could have unintended consequences years later. Make sure your RMD plan is part of a broader financial plan and tax strategy that keeps you in control.

Next Steps

If you want help building a personalized RMD strategy or coordinating it with Roth conversions and Medicare planning, schedule a free consultation call with us today to build a strategy personalized to your unique situation.

Frequently Asked Questions About Required Minimum Distributions

What are Required Minimum Distributions?
Required Minimum Distributions are mandatory withdrawals you must take from certain tax-deferred retirement accounts once you reach the IRS-specified age. They ensure taxes are eventually paid on money that has grown tax deferred.

When do I have to start taking Required Minimum Distributions?
As of 2023, you must start taking RMDs at age 73. Starting in 2033, the age will increase to 75 for those born in 1960 or later.

How do I calculate my Required Minimum Distribution?
You take your account balance from December 31 of the previous year and divide it by the IRS life expectancy factor for your age. The result is the amount you must withdraw.

What happens if I miss an RMD?
The IRS can impose a penalty of 25 percent of the amount you failed to withdraw. If corrected quickly, the penalty may be reduced to 10 percent.

Can I avoid Required Minimum Distributions?
You cannot avoid them entirely for tax-deferred accounts, but you can reduce them by using strategies such as Roth conversions or Qualified Charitable Distributions.

Do Roth IRAs have Required Minimum Distributions?
Roth IRAs do not have RMDs during the lifetime of the original owner, making them a valuable tool for tax and estate planning.

Can I take my RMD from just one account?
If you have multiple IRAs, you can withdraw the total RMD amount from one or more of them in any combination. However, RMDs from employer plans like 401(k)s must be taken separately from each plan.

Old Policies, New Problems: When to Rethink and Review Your Insurance

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Is it time for an Insurance Review?

Most people wouldn’t dream of ignoring their investment portfolio for decades. Yet that’s exactly what many do with their insurance policies.

You might glance at your 401k quarterly. You probably know how the S&P 500 is doing right now. But when’s the last time you did an insurance review or even pulled out your life insurance paperwork?

If it’s been a while, or if you don’t even remember where it is, you’re not alone.

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The Case for an Insurance Review

An insurance review is the financial equivalent of a health checkup. It doesn’t mean anything is necessarily wrong, but it ensures that what you put in place years ago still works for your life today.

Life changes. So do your financial goals. The insurance industry itself has evolved in ways that might give you better options, more flexibility, and even save you money.

Take, for example, a recent client of ours who had been paying premiums on a whole life policy for decades. As he approached retirement, that premium became a growing concern for his monthly cash flow. After an insurance review, we were able to convert it into a paid-up plan with a higher death benefit and added long-term care coverage, without any new out-of-pocket costs.

It was a win on every front.

Insurance Isn’t an Investment, But It Protects One

Let’s clear something up: insurance is not an investment. When you buy a stock, you’re hoping it goes up in value. You expect returns.

Insurance, on the other hand, is a tool to protect your investments. It’s a hedge against life’s unpredictable events, death, disability, and disasters that could otherwise dismantle your financial plan.

Think of it this way:

  • Your home may appreciate in value, but you buy homeowner’s insurance to protect it from fire, theft, or natural disasters.

  • Your car may be paid off, but you still insure it because accidents happen.

  • Your life is your most valuable asset. Life insurance isn’t a be, it’s a safety net.

An insurance review ensures that safety net is strong, relevant, and still serves your current needs.

When Life Changes, So Should Your Coverage

Most people buy life insurance at major life milestones: starting a family, buying a house, or getting married. But they rarely revisit those policies when things shift again.

What happens when:

  • The mortgage is paid off?

  • The kids graduate and move out?

  • You’re preparing to retire?

These are key moments when your financial priorities change. That old policy might no longer be the best solution—or it might be missing new features that would better support your current goals.

A review can help answer questions like:

  • Do I still need this much coverage?

  • Am I paying more than I need to?

  • Can I add long-term care or other benefits?

  • Would a different structure serve me better in retirement?

The Hidden Costs of “Set It and Forget It”

Insurance is often on autopilot. Policies are drafted, premiums are set on auto-pay, and years go by with no changes. But while you’ve changed, your policy hasn’t.

This can lead to:

  • Overpaying for coverage you no longer need

  • Missing out on newer products with better terms

  • Gaps in protection due to outdated coverage

  • Lack of clarity around cash value, death benefits, or premium structure

A proper insurance review isn’t about selling you something new, it’s about aligning your current coverage with your current life.

Common Review Triggers

Here are a few specific times when it makes sense to schedule a policy review:

1. Approaching Retirement

As income changes and fixed budgets become more important, reviewing insurance premiums and benefits is essential. You may discover ways to free up cash flow or convert policies into paid-up plans with no more premium obligations.

2. Family Milestones

Getting married, having children, or becoming empty nesters are all good times to reassess. Do you have enough coverage to support your dependents? Is your spouse adequately protected?

3. New Property or Debt

A new home or loan may require adjustments in your umbrella or life insurance coverage. Don’t let your protection lag behind your liabilities.

4. Business Changes

Whether starting, selling, or inheriting a business, your risk exposure and protection needs change. Business succession plans, key-person insurance, and buy-sell agreements may need review.

5. Health Events

If you or your spouse experience a major health change, reviewing your insurance ensures your plan is still feasible—and if applicable, prepares for long-term care needs.

6. Policy Age

If your policy is over 10 years old, it’s worth looking into. Even if your situation hasn’t changed much, the insurance industry has. New riders, features, and products may offer better options today.

What to Expect in an Insurance Review

A thorough insurance review should include:

  • Review of Existing Policies: We look at what you have—term, whole life, universal, etc.—and how they’re structured.

  • Needs Analysis: We assess your current stage of life, goals, cash flow, liabilities, and protection gaps.

  • Product Comparison: If applicable, we compare alternatives, including newer products that may have better features or cost structures.

  • Tax Considerations: Some policies accumulate cash value and may offer tax-advantaged features that should be weighed carefully.

  • Estate Planning Fit: For high-net-worth individuals, life insurance often plays a role in estate planning and wealth transfer. A review ensures your policy still fits within your long-term strategy.

Real Talk: Commission vs. Fiduciary

It’s important to understand that insurance products can carry commissions. This doesn’t mean they’re bad, but it does mean you should be cautious of who’s giving you advice.

Whenever possible, seek out a fiduciary advisor, someone legally required to put your interests ahead of their own. This ensures that the advice you receive is based on your needs, not the advisor’s commission.

At Bonfire Financial, for example, we’re fiduciaries. We disclose any potential conflicts of interest, and we’re focused on long-term relationships, not one-time sales.

The Retirement Angle: A Missed Opportunity?

Many retirees continue paying life insurance premiums because that’s what they’ve always done. But at this stage, their needs have shifted from income replacement to legacy planning, long-term care, or cash flow optimization.

Sometimes, a review reveals an opportunity to:

  • Convert to a paid-up plan and stop future premiums

  • Tap into existing cash value

  • Exchange an older policy for a new one with long-term care features

  • Reduce the death benefit in favor of lower costs or supplemental retirement income

Every situation is different, but what’s common is this: without an insurance review, these options remain invisible.

Other Policies That Deserve a Look

It’s not just life insurance that should be reviewed. You should also periodically review:

1. Homeowner’s Insurance

If your property value has changed or you’ve made renovations, your policy may be out of date. Rising construction costs and natural disasters can also impact premiums and deductibles. Take the time to review your homeowner’s coverage.

2. Auto Insurance

If you’re driving less, bundling with home insurance, or have a teen driver now on the road, your policy should reflect these changes.

3. Umbrella Policies

These policies offer extended liability protection. As your net worth grows, your coverage should grow too. Many people outgrow their umbrella coverage and don’t realize it.

4. Disability Insurance

Often overlooked, disability coverage is a key protection during working years. If your income has changed or you’ve started a business, your existing policy might not provide enough replacement.

A 1% Change Can Yield Big Results

You don’t need to overhaul everything. Sometimes, small changes during a review, like adjusting a deductible or adding a ride, can lead to better protection and long-term savings.

Think of it as optimization. Even a 1% improvement compounded over time can add up to thousands in savings or value gained.

And sometimes, the biggest win isn’t financial, it’s peace of mind.

How Often Should You Review?

At a minimum, conduct a full insurance review every two years. But if you’ve had any major life events,  or your policy is more than a decade old, don’t wait.

If you’re unsure where to start, work with a qualified advisor who can walk you through the review process, explain your options in plain language, and help you make confident, informed decisions.

Final Thoughts: Protect What Matters

Your investments, your family, your home, your health, these are the things that matter most. Insurance doesn’t grow your wealth, but it shields it.

Make sure that shield is still strong.

If you haven’t reviewed your insurance in years (or ever), now is the time. Don’t let an old policy create new problems.

Need a second opinion on your coverage?

We offer comprehensive insurance reviews with no obligation. We’ll help you understand what you have, what you might need, and whether there are smarter ways to protect your financial future.

Let’s talk… schedule your call now, because when life changes, your insurance should too.

Breaking Down the Big Beautiful Bill: Tax Cuts and Opportunities

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Tax Opportunities in the Big Beautiful Bill

The passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act marked a major shift in retirement and tax planning strategies across the country. Officially passed in 2024, this sweeping legislation introduced the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts, which have far-reaching implications for retirees, pre-retirees, and anyone looking to secure a more tax-efficient financial future.

Today, we’re breaking down the most important elements of the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts and what they mean for your financial plan. Whether you are already retired or planning to retire soon, this guide will help you understand the new rules and show you how to take advantage of them.

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Why the Big Beautiful Bill Tax Cuts Matter

Tax policy affects every part of your retirement plan, from how much you pay now to how much you get to keep later. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act has made several changes that reward proactive planning, particularly for those who understand how to leverage deductions, tax brackets, and Roth conversions.

If you are wondering what the headlines mean for you, read on. The Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts could offer you significant opportunities, but only if you act before key provisions sunset.

Locked-In Tax Brackets: Clarity for Long-Term Planning

One of the standout provisions of the bill is the permanent locking in of the 2017 tax brackets. This includes:

  • Expansion of the 24 percent tax bracket
  • Continuation of higher standard deductions

For retirees, this is big news. Why? Because it removes the uncertainty surrounding tax bracket “sunsets” that were originally baked into earlier tax law changes. With stable brackets, you can now plan with confidence for the years ahead.

This consistency is especially helpful for strategies like Roth conversions, where timing and tax bracket forecasting are critical. Knowing your future tax rates allows you to take deliberate action now, instead of speculating on what might happen years down the road.

In addition to Roth conversions, having locked-in brackets makes income planning, charitable giving, and capital gains strategies more effective. Retirees can plan their withdrawals with more precision, minimizing tax surprises and maximizing tax-efficient income streams.

Action Steps:

  • Review your current and projected retirement income
  • Work with your financial advisor to determine if partial Roth conversions make sense given your new bracket stability

SALT Deduction Increase: A Temporary but Valuable Window

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act also increases the State and Local Tax (SALT) deduction cap from 10,000 to 40,000. This expanded deduction is significant, but it comes with an expiration date of 2028.

This change is especially beneficial to taxpayers in high-tax states or those with incomes under 500,000. If you are thinking about accelerating deductible expenses, making charitable contributions, or converting traditional retirement accounts to Roth IRAs, this higher deduction gives you more room to maneuver.

In many cases, combining the higher SALT deduction with strategic Roth conversions can result in substantial long-term tax savings. By using the deduction to offset taxable income from conversions, retirees may be able to shift significant assets into Roth accounts with a lower immediate tax cost.

Action Steps:

  • Calculate your itemized deductions for 2025 through 2027
  • See if bundling deductions, charitable giving, or Roth conversions during this window will help you take full advantage

Bigger Standard Deductions for Seniors

If you are over age 65, the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts get even better. The Act includes an additional standard deduction of:

  • 6,000 for individuals
  • 12,000 for married couples filing jointly

This increase is stacked on top of the regular standard deduction, further lowering your taxable income. For retirees, this can create a strategic opening to convert traditional retirement accounts to Roth IRAs while remaining in a lower bracket.

Remember, money in Roth accounts grows tax-free and is not subject to required minimum distributions (RMDs). With higher deductions, you can potentially convert more without pushing yourself into a higher bracket.

Additionally, this larger deduction makes it easier for retirees to avoid paying taxes on Social Security benefits or capital gains. When properly planned, these tax savings can compound year after year.

Action Steps:

  • If you are 65 or older, review your adjusted gross income (AGI) and consider Roth conversions or harvesting gains within the new deduction limits

Estate Tax Exemption Increase: Breathing Room for Legacy Planning

Another major highlight of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act is the increase in the estate tax exemption to 15 million per individual or 30 million per couple. This move takes estate tax concerns off the table for the vast majority of Americans.

If your estate is approaching that threshold, now is the time to take advantage of gifting strategies, trusts, and other estate planning tools while the exemption is still high. There is always a possibility that future legislation could reduce this exemption, making it critical to act while the current rules are in place.

You can also use this time to transfer assets to heirs in a tax-efficient way, locking in current valuation levels and removing future growth from your taxable estate.

Action Steps:

  • Speak to your estate attorney or advisor about legacy planning strategies, especially if you own appreciating assets or a business

Medicare and Social Security: Future Uncertainties

While the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts have many upsides, there are whispers of future funding issues related to Medicare and Social Security. The bill opens the door for potential restructuring in the coming years.

The concern? Future generations might face increased retirement ages or income-based benefit reductions. However, the majority of current beneficiaries likely will not see cuts anytime soon.

The political reality is that seniors make up a significant portion of the voting population, making it unlikely that Congress would enact sweeping cuts that affect current retirees. Still, it is wise to remain aware and plan accordingly.

Action Steps:

  • Continue monitoring Medicare and Social Security changes, but do not make major adjustments based on speculation
  • Keep your retirement plan updated annually to account for any changes

Additional Planning Tips to Maximize the Big Beautiful Bill Tax Cuts

  1. Bunch Deductions Strategically: Use years with higher income or conversions to bunch deductions like charitable contributions and medical expenses.
  2. Harvest Capital Gains: Consider realizing long-term capital gains up to the top of the 0 or 15 percent capital gains bracket.
  3. Leverage Donor-Advised Funds: Use Donor-Advised Funds to frontload multiple years of giving while maximizing itemized deductions.
  4. Set Up Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs): If you are 70.5 or older, you can donate directly from your IRA to a qualified charity, reducing your taxable income.
  5. Coordinate With Your CPA: Tax efficiency is best achieved when your advisor and CPA work together on a comprehensive strategy.

Key Takeaways and Next Steps

Here are the biggest things to remember about the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts:

  1. Locked-in tax brackets allow for more confident long-term tax planning.
  2. The expanded SALT deduction is a limited-time opportunity that expires in 2028.
  3. Bigger standard deductions for seniors can create room for strategic income moves.
  4. Estate tax exemption increase provides flexibility in legacy planning.
  5. Stay grounded when it comes to Medicare and Social Security projections.
  6. Use this window of opportunity to be proactive with Roth conversions, charitable giving, and estate planning.

What You Can Do Right Now:

  • Schedule a retirement planning session with a qualified financial advisor
  • Run projections for Roth conversions over the next three to five years
  • Update your estate plan to reflect the new exemption amounts
    Take advantage of expanded deductions while they are still available
  • Coordinate tax strategies with your financial advisor and CPA for maximum benefit

Final Thoughts: Use the Big Beautiful Bill Tax Cuts to Your Advantage

Legislation like the One Big Beautiful Bill Act does not come along often, and when it does, the people who benefit most are those who act early and plan smart.

These tax cuts and deduction increases open a door for retirees to reduce tax burdens, preserve wealth, and create a more stable financial future. But these benefits will not last forever. With some provisions sunsetting in just a few years, now is the time to take action.

At Bonfire Financial, we specialize in helping retirees and pre-retirees build smart, tax-optimized financial plans. If you are unsure how to take advantage of the Big Beautiful Bill tax cuts, we are here to help.

>>> Schedule your personalized planning session today!

Stay informed, stay empowered, and make the most of every opportunity the One Big Beautiful Bill Act has to offer.

FOMO and Investing: Why Emotions Sabotage Your Strategy

Posted on by Brian Colvert

“Buy low, sell high.” It’s one of the oldest investment mantras in the book. Yet, time and time again, investors do the opposite. Why? Because of FOMO, the fear of missing out. When the market is soaring, the hype is loud, and our emotions start to override our logic. Today, we explore why even smart investors fall into the FOMO trap and what you can do to avoid it.

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What Is FOMO in Investing?

FOMO in investing is the emotional response that pushes people to jump into a market or an asset because others are making money. It’s driven by a fear that if you don’t act now, you’ll miss out on big gains. This fear often overrides rational decision-making, leading to poor timing, buying when prices are high, and selling when they dip. Studies show it amplifies emotional reactions to market trends and encourages risky behavior like overtrading and speculative bubbles, often overshadowing sound, long-term decision-making

Why Smart Investors Still Fall for It

No one is immune to FOMO. Even seasoned investors get caught up in it. When everyone around you seems to be winning, it’s hard not to feel like you’re falling behind. You hear stories of friends doubling their money or news headlines about a stock up 1,000%, and it creates pressure to act fast.

The Psychology Behind FOMO

FOMO is rooted in behavioral finance. Our brains are wired to follow the crowd and avoid missing out. When we see others succeed, we assume they know something we don’t. Add to that the emotional buzz of gains and the regret of past missed opportunities, and it’s easy to see how logic gets thrown out the window. Money is emotional. Investing isn’t just numbers—it’s tied to our goals, dreams, and fears. That emotional charge makes it hard to stay rational, especially when markets are volatile or social proof is strong.

Real-World Examples: From Bitcoin to Barbecue Tips

Let’s say you’re at a barbecue, and a friend starts talking about how their investment in Bitcoin or a hot tech stock has skyrocketed. It’s hard not to feel a pang of regret or curiosity. Suddenly, you’re considering jumping in on Monday morning. But what you’re not hearing is when they bought in or how much risk they took.

Take Bitcoin, for example. When it’s at an all-time high, that’s when Brian gets the most questions from clients. When it dips, the same clients say they’re glad they stayed away. But the smart move? That was getting in when prices were lower. The opportunity to buy came with fear, not excitement.

Why Buying High Feels Safer (But Isn’t)

When the market is booming, it feels safe. News coverage is positive, everyone seems to be making money, and the fear of missing out kicks in. But this is often when prices are inflated. The reality? The best opportunities usually show up when things look bleak.

When markets are down, people hesitate. They worry things will get worse. But historically, downturns are when investors have made their biggest gains, not because they timed it perfectly, but because they acted when prices were low.

Don’t let FOMO derail your investing strategy.

How to Flip the Script: Buy Low, Sell High

To reverse the typical FOMO cycle, you need to train yourself to act when it feels uncomfortable. This is where strategy beats emotion. When markets are down, think of it like a sale. If you loved a company or fund a month ago, and nothing significant has changed, why wouldn’t you want to buy it for 20% less?

It’s the same logic as shopping. If a shirt you love goes on sale, you’re thrilled. But with investments, people often react the opposite way. They see the price drop and assume something is wrong. But in many cases, it’s just the market doing what it always does: cycling.

The Role of a Plan: Discipline Over Emotion

A solid investment plan is your best defense against FOMO. When you have a plan, you’re less likely to get swayed by hype or panic. Dollar-cost averaging is one of the best strategies to stay disciplined. By investing regularly, regardless of market conditions, you remove emotion from the equation.

In fact, when you’re dollar-cost averaging and the market drops, you’re buying more shares for the same amount of money. It’s a hidden win that sets you up for greater long-term returns.

What to Watch For: Market Cycles and Hype Triggers

FOMO often spikes when:

  • A specific asset hits all-time highs
  • Media coverage is overwhelmingly positive
  • Friends or coworkers are bragging about gains
  • Star ratings on mutual funds suddenly rise

These are signals to pause and evaluate. Ask yourself:

  • Has anything fundamentally changed with this investment?
  • Am I reacting emotionally or strategically?
  • Would I be just as excited to buy this if it were down 20%?

Tips to Avoid FOMO and Invest Smarter

  • Stick to your plan: Let your long-term goals guide your decisions, not the news cycle.
  • Dollar-cost average: Invest consistently to reduce the impact of timing.
  • Turn down the noise: Limit exposure to hype-driven media or investing tips from unverified sources.
  • Use risk questionnaires: Revisit your risk tolerance regularly and ensure your strategy matches it.
  • Embrace the downturns: They’re opportunities, not warnings.
  • Review fundamentals: Make sure your investments align with solid financial principles.
  • Ask better questions: Instead of “What’s hot?”, ask “What’s undervalued and solid?”

In Summary

FOMO in investing is real, and it affects every investor at some point. But you don’t have to let it derail your goals. By acknowledging its influence and building systems that favor discipline over emotion, you can stay on track and actually buy low, sell high.

The next time someone tells you about a stock that “went to the moon,” don’t rush to copy them. Pause, assess, and stick to your plan. Investing isn’t about chasing what’s hot. It’s about building wealth over time—intentionally and intelligently.

Next Steps

Need help building your strategy? We are here to help. Schedule a call with us today!

Self-Employed Retirement Planning: How to Maximize Tax Savings and Wealth

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Retirement planning can feel overwhelming for self-employed business owners, especially when juggling income, taxes, and growth. But here is the good news: being self-employed actually opens the door to powerful retirement strategies that traditional employees do not always have access to. With the right plan, you can reduce your tax bill today and build substantial wealth for the future.

Whether you are a consultant, contractor, freelancer, or small business owner, this guide will walk you through the top self-employed retirement planning options available. You will learn the benefits, contribution limits, and strategic uses of each so you can make informed choices that suit your goals. Let’s get started.

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Why Retirement Planning for the Self-Employed Is So Powerful

One of the biggest misconceptions among business owners is that retirement planning is just a tax strategy. In truth, it is both a tax advantage and a long-term wealth-building tool.

When you are self-employed, you are not limited to the same options as W-2 employees. You have more flexibility, higher contribution limits in some cases, and the potential to structure plans creatively. That means more money in your pocket now and in retirement.

Let us start by breaking this into two key goals:

  1. Lower your taxable income today

  2. Grow tax-advantaged wealth for tomorrow

With this lens in mind, let us explore the most effective tools available.

Traditional and Roth IRAs

The Basics

IRAs are available to just about everyone with earned income, including the self-employed. These are often the starting point for many business owners who are just beginning their retirement planning journey.

  • Traditional IRA: Contributions may be tax-deductible depending on your income and participation in other retirement plans.

  • Roth IRA: Contributions are not tax-deductible, but your money grows tax-free and qualified withdrawals in retirement are also tax-free.

Head to this page to get the most up-to-date annual contribution limits for each plan. Head over here to dig deeper into the difference between a Traditional IRA and a Roth IRA.

Why IRAs Work for Business Owners

While the contribution limits are relatively low, IRAs are easy to set up and require no ongoing employer maintenance. They are especially useful when used in combination with higher-limit plans like Solo 401(k)s or SEP IRAs.

SEP IRA: Simplified Employee Pension Plan

What It Is

The SEP IRA is a favorite among solopreneurs and business owners without employees. It allows you to contribute a percentage of your business income directly into your retirement account.

Key Benefits

  • Contributions are tax-deductible

  • Flexible contributions (you can vary or skip them from year to year)

  • Very easy to set up and maintain

Things to Watch Out For

If you have employees, SEP contributions must be made equally for them. For example, if you contribute 10 percent of your salary for yourself, you must contribute 10 percent for eligible employees too. This makes the SEP less ideal for growing teams.

Solo 401(k): A High-Powered Option

What It Is

A Solo 401(k), also known as an Individual 401(k), is available to business owners with no full-time employees (except for a spouse). It combines features of both a traditional 401(k) and a profit-sharing plan, making it a powerful vehicle for self-employed retirement planning.

Roth Option

One of the best parts of a Solo 401(k) is that it offers a Roth component. You can choose to contribute post-tax dollars, which then grow tax-free.

Advantages

  • Much higher contribution limits than IRAs

  • Option to go pre-tax or Roth

  • Ability to add profit-sharing

  • Loans are allowed from the plan

When to Use It

Solo 401(k)s are ideal for business owners who are trying to contribute the maximum possible each year and want flexibility in tax treatment. They do require more paperwork than IRAs, but the benefits are significant.

SIMPLE IRA: For Business Owners with Employees

What It Is

A SIMPLE IRA is designed for small businesses with fewer than 100 employees. It is easier to administer than a 401(k) and allows both the employer and employee to contribute.

Pros and Cons

This is a good solution if you want a low-cost retirement plan for you and your employees. However, it lacks the higher limits and Roth options of other plans.

Cash Balance Plans: Supercharging Late Starters

What It Is

Cash balance plans are defined benefit plans that allow large contributions well above those of 401(k)s or SEP IRAs. They are best suited for high-income earners looking to accelerate retirement savings.

Contribution Potential

Depending on your age and income, contributions can range from $100,000 to over $300,000 per year. This makes it one of the best options for late starters or those looking for a big tax deduction.

Ideal Candidates

  • Consultants

  • Attorneys

  • Solo medical professionals

  • Business owners earning $500,000+

Cash balance plans are complex and must be administered carefully, but they are unmatched when it comes to high-limit contributions.

Multi-Plan Strategy: Yes, You Can Combine

If you have multiple businesses or streams of income, you may be able to layer plans and contribute more overall. Here is how:

  • Max out your 401(k) as an employee in one business

  • Use a SEP or Solo 401(k) on your 1099 income from a different, unrelated business

The salary deferral limit applies once across all plans, but employer contributions (like profit-sharing) can be made separately as long as the businesses are unrelated.

This strategy is ideal for high earners who wear multiple hats and want to optimize every angle of self-employed retirement planning.

Self-Employed IRA Rules: What You Need to Know

When using any of these plans, it is crucial to understand and follow the IRS rules that govern self-employed IRAs. A few key rules include:

  • Contribution deadlines: IRAs and SEP IRAs can be funded up to the tax filing deadline (including extensions). Solo 401(k)s must be established by year-end.

  • Eligibility: Your business income must be earned and reported. Passive income (like rental income) typically does not qualify.

  • Catch-up contributions: Catch-up contributions are available for those 50 and older on most plans.

  • No employees: For Solo 401(k)s and cash balance plans to stay simple and beneficial, you should not have full-time employees.

Always work with a financial planner and/or tax professional to confirm that your contributions and setups follow current IRS regulations.

Supercharge Your Wealth: Tips for the Self-Employed

Ready to take your self-employed retirement planning to the next level? These tips are designed specifically for self-employed business owners who want to do more than just check a box. Whether you’re just getting started or looking to accelerate your savings, these strategies can help you make the most of your income, reduce taxes, and build lasting wealth.

  1. Start now: The earlier you begin, the more compound growth works in your favor.

  2. Work with a pro: Designing custom plans (like cash balance or multi-plan strategies) is worth doing right.

  3. Reevaluate annually: Income changes? Business structure shifts? Your retirement plan should adjust too.

  4. Think long term: Do not just aim to reduce taxes this year. Plan for distributions, Required Minimum Distributions, and tax brackets in retirement.

  5. Consider layering: Use IRAs alongside SEP or Solo 401(k)s for maximum flexibility.

Final Thoughts

Self-employed retirement planning is not just about saving for the future. It is about taking control of your finances, minimizing taxes, and building serious wealth as a business owner. Whether you are earning $80,000 a year or $800,000, there are strategies you can implement now to change your financial future.

Next Steps

If you are unsure where to start or want help designing a custom retirement plan that fits your income and lifestyle, reach out to our team at Bonfire Financial. We specialize in helping business owners make the most of every dollar they earn. Schedule your call now.

What to Do After Maxing Out Your 401k

Posted on by Brian Colvert

What to Do After Maxing Out Your 401k

Maxing out your 401k is a major milestone when investing for retirement. It shows commitment to long-term financial planning, a proactive mindset, and an understanding of the power of compound growth. But it also leads to the inevitable question: What do I do next?

If you’re asking this, congratulations, you’re already ahead of the pack. And you’re in the right place to explore your next best steps.

Today, we’ll walk through a structured framework for what to do after maxing out your 401k, diving into Roth IRAs, taxable brokerage accounts, backdoor Roth strategies, and how to think about liquidity, flexibility, and tax planning in your broader investment picture.

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Step 1: Confirm You’ve Truly Maxed Out the 401(k)

First things first: let’s define what “maxed out” means. Check the annual contribution limits < This page is updated annually to make sure you have the most up-to-date numbers.

But here’s a nuance: maxing out your 401k isn’t just about hitting the annual limit. It’s also about making sure you’ve taken full advantage of your company match. Never leave free money on the table. If your employer offers a match (say 100% of the first 4% of your salary), make sure you’re contributing at least that much.

Once you’ve contributed to the max and received the full match, then it’s time to move on to the next vehicle.

Step 2: Explore a Roth IRA

The Roth IRA is often the first recommendation for clients who are looking to invest beyond their 401k, and for good reason:

  • Tax-free growth: You fund a Roth IRA with after-tax dollars, and in exchange, your investments grow tax-free.

  • Tax-free withdrawals: Once you’re 59½ and the account has been open for at least five years, you can withdraw both contributions and earnings tax-free.

  • No required minimum distributions (RMDs): Unlike traditional IRAs and 401(k)s, Roth IRAs don’t require you to take distributions in retirement.

There are annual contribution limits here too.

But don’t worry. There’s a workaround.

Step 3: Consider a Backdoor Roth IRA

If your income is too high for a regular Roth IRA, you may still be able to contribute through a Backdoor Roth IRA. This involves:

  1. Contributing to a non-deductible traditional IRA (after-tax money).

  2. Converting it to a Roth IRA.

Seems simple, but there are a few caveats:

  • If you have existing traditional IRA balances, the IRS uses a pro-rata rule to calculate taxes, meaning some of the conversion may be taxable.

  • Timing matters. It’s smart to consult a tax advisor or financial planner to execute this properly.

For many high earners, the backdoor Roth can be a powerful tool for adding tax-free growth to their portfolio.

Step 4: Open a Taxable Brokerage Account

Once your tax-advantaged options are maxed out and you want to continue investing for retirement, it’s time to consider a taxable brokerage account. Don’t let the term “taxable” scare you. This type of account actually offers some key advantages:

Advantages of a Taxable Account:

  • Unlimited contributions: Unlike retirement accounts, there’s no cap on how much you can invest.

  • No income limits: Anyone can open and fund one.

  • No early withdrawal penalties: You can access funds at any time.

  • Wide investment flexibility: You can invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, real estate trusts, private placements, and others.

  • Liquidity: Need to fund a real estate purchase? Pay for a wedding? Start a business? This account gives you that flexibility.

Tax Considerations:

Growth in a brokerage account is taxed, but how it’s taxed matters:

  • Capital gains tax applies to investments held over one year (long-term).

  • Ordinary income tax applies to gains on assets sold within one year.

  • Dividends may also be taxable depending on their classification.

But there are strategies to reduce taxes, like:

  • Tax-loss harvesting: Selling underperforming assets to offset gains.

  • Asset location: Placing tax-efficient investments in your taxable account and tax-inefficient ones in your tax-deferred accounts.

Step 5: Think Flexibly with Your Future in Mind

A common mistake is viewing investment accounts in silos. Instead, think about them as tools that serve different purposes and timeframes.

Here’s how it breaks down:

Account Type Best For Key Benefit
401k Long-term retirement savings Tax-deferred growth + employer match
Roth IRA Long-term + tax diversification Tax-free growth + no RMDs
Brokerage Acct Flexibility + early retirement + legacy planning No contribution limits, no penalties for early withdrawals

If you plan to retire before age 59½, a taxable account becomes even more important. It gives you penalty-free access to funds while your retirement accounts keep compounding in the background.

Step 6: Use Brokerage Accounts for Creative Planning

Let’s take it a step further.

Real Estate Opportunities

Thinking about buying a rental property? A brokerage account can be tapped to fund a down payment without penalties. This is especially helpful for investors who want to diversify into real estate assets without triggering retirement withdrawal rules.

Tax Bracket Optimization

Planning to retire early? You may enter a lower tax bracket before Medicare or Social Security kicks in. You can draw from brokerage accounts strategically, keeping income low and managing your bracket for Roth conversions or to reduce long-term tax exposure.

Collateralized Lending

Did you know you can borrow against your taxable account? Many custodians offer lines of credit backed by your portfolio. This can be helpful for:

  • Avoiding the sale of appreciated assets (and the taxes that come with it)

  • Making time-sensitive investments

  • Helping family members (like a child’s down payment) without touching the principal

It’s not for everyone, but for high-net-worth individuals, this can be a sophisticated strategy to create liquidity without triggering taxes.

Step 7: Automate and Grow

Just like your 401k, your brokerage account can benefit from automation. Set up monthly contributions to stay disciplined and consistent. Over time, this can grow into a substantial pool of capital.

We often see clients fund these accounts with:

  • Annual bonuses

  • RSU or stock option sales

  • Proceeds from home sales

  • Inheritance windfalls

  • Business profits

By treating it like your 401k, with regular contributions and a long-term mindset, you’ll build serious wealth over time.

Bonus: Don’t Forget the Other Vehicles

401(k)s, Roth IRAs, and brokerage accounts are the main trio when investing for retirement, but depending on your goals, you might also explore:

  • Health Savings Accounts (HSAs): HSAs are triple-tax advantage (pre-tax contributions, tax-free growth, tax-free withdrawals for medical expenses).

  • 529 Plans: For tax-advantaged education savings.

  • Cash-value life insurance: Life insurance can be a niche tool for legacy or advanced planning.

  • Real estate LLCs or syndications: Direct ownership or fractional investments.

Each tool has its own benefits, risks, and tax implications, so work with a financial planner to build a strategy tailored to your life.

Final Thoughts

If you’ve maxed out your 401k as you are investing for retirement, you’re doing something right. But don’t stop there. Understanding what to do after maxing out 401k contributions opens the door to a wider world of wealth-building strategies that are more flexible, tax-aware, and goal-driven.

Here’s a quick recap:

  1. Max out the employer match and annual limit in your 401(k)

  2. Open a Roth IRA or explore a backdoor Roth

  3. Build out a taxable brokerage account

  4. Think long-term and flexible, especially for early retirement or large life events

  5. Use tax strategies and automation to make your plan efficient and consistent

At Bonfire Financial, we work with clients every day who want to optimize their savings and make the most of their money. If you’re ready to go beyond the basics and build a plan that’s personal, strategic, and forward-thinking, we’re here to help.

Ready to take the next step?

Schedule a free consultation. Let’s map out your next move.

Investing in CDs: A Low-Risk Strategy You’re Probably Overlooking

Posted on by Brian Colvert

If you’re looking for a low-risk, predictable way to grow your money, investing in CDs (Certificates of Deposit) might be worth a second look. While they might not be the flashiest option in your portfolio, CDs offer stability, security, and in today’s market, surprisingly decent returns. Let’s break down what CDs are, how they work, and why they might deserve a spot in your financial plan.

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What Is a CD (Certificate of Deposit)?

A Certificate of Deposit is a financial product offered by banks and credit unions. It allows you to deposit money for a fixed period, typically ranging from three months to five years, in exchange for a guaranteed interest rate. In return, you agree not to withdraw your funds during that term without paying a penalty.

The trade-off?

A higher interest rate than you’d typically earn from a traditional savings account. Plus, your investment is protected by FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) insurance, up to $250,000 per depositor, per bank, which provides peace of mind and a sense of financial security. CDs are often seen as a great way to safeguard cash that you want to grow without exposure to market volatility. They’re straightforward, easy to understand, and come in a variety of terms that fit most savings goals.

Why CDs Are Gaining Popularity Again

In recent years, low interest rates made CDs less appealing. But as interest rates have risen, so have CD yields. In some cases, one year CDs have offered rates exceeding 5%, which is competitive with many bonds but with less risk and complexity. In a time when inflation and market volatility are top of mind for investors, CDs have become a compelling option. With guaranteed returns and federal insurance backing, they offer peace of mind in uncertain times.

Another reason for renewed interest is that CDs can serve as a temporary parking place for cash you may not need immediately. For example, if you plan to buy a home in the next year or want to set aside funds for a child’s tuition, a CD allows that money to earn more than a savings account while remaining protected.

Understanding CD Laddering: A Smart Strategy

One challenge with investing in CDs is that your money is locked up for a set time. That can create issues if you need liquidity. Enter: CD laddering.

CD laddering is a strategy that involves opening multiple CDs with different maturity dates. For example:

  • 3 month CD
  • 6 month CD
  • 9 month CD
  • 12 month CD

As each CD matures, you reinvest the money into a new 12 month CD. Over time, you’ll have a CD maturing every quarter, providing access to your funds without sacrificing returns. This strategy gives you the best of both worlds: higher returns from longer term CDs and consistent access to cash.

Why laddering works:

  • Provides ongoing liquidity
  • Takes advantage of rising rates
  • Reduces the impact of rate fluctuations
  • Helps maintain a balanced, conservative cash management approach

Laddering is especially effective when you’re managing cash for short to medium term goals but still want to earn something meaningful on your money.

The Safety Net: FDIC Insurance

One of the biggest advantages of investing in CDs is the built in safety net: FDIC insurance. If your bank fails, the federal government covers your deposit (up to $250,000 per depositor, per bank). This makes CDs one of the safest investment vehicles available.

Want to invest more than $250,000? You can still stay insured by spreading your CDs across multiple banks. For high net worth individuals, brokered CDs, offered by firms like Schwab, Fidelity, or Merrill Lynch, allow you to manage large CD portfolios and stay within insurance limits.

Brokered CDs vs. Traditional Bank CDs

Traditional CDs are offered by your local bank or credit union. Brokered CDs, on the other hand, are sold through investment firms and allow you to:

  • Access CDs from multiple banks
  • Get competitive rates
  • Stay within FDIC insurance limits
  • Integrate CD investing into a broader portfolio with a financial advisor

However, brokered CDs may have less flexibility for early withdrawals. If you need to cash out early, you’ll likely have to sell it on the secondary market, and that could result in a loss if rates have risen since your purchase. That’s why brokered CDs are better suited for those who are confident they won’t need to touch the funds before maturity.

What Happens if You Need to Cash Out Early?

CDs aren’t known for their liquidity. If you break a CD before it matures, you may face penalties:

  • Bank CDs: Early withdrawal fees, typically a portion of the interest earned.
  • Brokered CDs: You’ll need to sell on the open market, where prices fluctuate with interest rates.

That’s why planning your liquidity needs is critical. CD laddering can help here, but make sure you have other liquid assets available for emergencies. A good rule of thumb is to keep 3 to 6 months of living expenses in a highly liquid account, like a savings or money market account.

Comparing CDs to Other Investments

Bonds vs CDs:

  • CDs are FDIC insured; most bonds are not.
  • Bonds may offer higher returns but come with credit and market risk.
  • Bonds fluctuate in value; CDs pay a fixed return if held to maturity.

Savings Accounts vs. CDs:

  • CDs generally offer higher interest rates.
  • Savings accounts offer better liquidity and flexibility.
  • CDs require committing to a time period; savings accounts do not.

Money Market Accounts vs CDs:

  • CDs can have better fixed rates.
  • Money markets offer variable rates and check-writing privileges.
  • Both may be FDIC insured but have different liquidity profiles.

When Do CDs Make Sense?

CDs are ideal if:

  • You’re saving for a specific short to mid term goal
  • You’re risk averse and want principal protection
  • You don’t need immediate access to the funds
  • You’re looking for a place to earn interest on cash you’ve already set aside

Common use cases:

  • Emergency reserves (when laddered)
  • Saving for a home, car, or large future purchase
  • Parking cash during market volatility or downturns
  • Stashing business reserves for tax or payroll obligations

Risks and Downsides of Investing in CDs

While CDs are low risk, they’re not risk free:

  • Inflation Risk: If inflation rises significantly, your CD’s return may lose purchasing power.
  • Liquidity Risk: Your money is tied up unless you’re willing to pay a penalty or take a loss.
  • Opportunity Cost: If interest rates rise after you lock in a CD, you miss out on the higher return.

The key is balance. CDs shouldn’t be your only investment, but they can serve an important role alongside more aggressive or growth-focused strategies.

Maximizing CD Returns

To get the most from CD investing:

  • Compare rates across institutions and platforms
  • Use CD ladders to maintain flexibility and manage cash flow
  • Look into brokered CDs if you’re managing large balances
  • Reinvest matured CDs at new, higher rates if available
  • Avoid tying up all your liquid cash,  keep a buffer in savings

Online banks and credit unions often offer higher CD rates than brick and mortar institutions. Keep an eye on rate changes, especially in a rising rate environment.

Final Thoughts: Are CDs Right for You?

Investing in CDs isn’t going to make you rich overnight, but they can be a smart, low-risk part of your portfolio, especially when rates are attractive. Whether you’re building a ladder, protecting a cash reserve, or just looking for a better alternative to your savings account, CDs offer a blend of security and predictability that’s hard to beat.

As always, your overall financial goals, timeline, and risk tolerance should guide your decision. CDs are one tool in the toolbox, but when used strategically, they can help you sleep better at night, knowing your money is working for you.

Next Steps

If you want help deciding if CDs fit your financial plan, let’s talk. Schedule a consultation call today!

The Difference Between Permanent Life Insurance and Term Life Insurance (and Why It Matters)

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Permanent Life Insurance vs Term Life Insurance

Which to choose? If you’ve ever felt confused about the difference between permanent life insurance and term life insurance, you’re not alone, and today were are here to help you cut through the noise. When it comes to life insurance, few topics are more misunderstood or misrepresented. Many people find themselves signing up for a policy based on fear, a persuasive pitch, or a recommendation that doesn’t actually suit their needs. The good news? Understanding the difference empowers you to protect your loved ones without overpaying or being misled. Let’s dive in.

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What Is Term Life Insurance?

Term life insurance is exactly what it sounds like: coverage for a specific period of time, often 10, 20, or 30 years. If the policyholder dies during that term, the death benefit is paid out to the beneficiaries. If the term ends and the policy hasn’t been used, it simply expires with no payout.

Pros:

  • Affordable premiums: Term insurance provides the most coverage for the lowest cost.
  • Simple to understand: You pay for a set number of years; if you die during that term, your beneficiaries receive the payout.
  • Ideal for younger families: It covers you when you have the most financial obligations—mortgage, children, and debt.
  • Customizable terms: You can choose a term that aligns with your needs, like the length of your mortgage or years until your kids are financially independent.
  • Convertible options: Some term policies allow you to convert to permanent insurance later, without new underwriting.

Cons:

  • No cash value: Unlike permanent insurance, there’s no savings or investment component.
  • Expires: If your policy ends and you still need coverage, a new policy may be more expensive due to age or health changes.
  • No refund: Unless you purchase a return-of-premium rider, the money you pay into the policy is gone if you outlive the term.

What Is Permanent Life Insurance?

Permanent life insurance lasts your entire life, as long as you pay the premiums. This category includes whole life, universal life, variable life, and others. These policies often come with a cash value component that can grow over time.

Pros:

  • Lifetime coverage: Your beneficiaries are guaranteed a death benefit, no matter when you die.
  • Builds cash value: You can borrow against it or even use it to pay premiums.
  • Can offer tax advantages: In some cases, the cash value grows tax-deferred.
  • Flexible options: Some types, like universal life, allow you to adjust your premiums or death benefit.

Cons:

  • Expensive: Premiums are significantly higher than term insurance for the same death benefit.
  • Complex: Fees, interest rates, investment risk (depending on type), and policy rules can be hard to follow.
  • Lower ROI: Often marketed as a savings vehicle, but you may do better investing elsewhere.
  • Sales-driven: Many policies are sold with incomplete information about long-term costs or downsides.

The Sales Pitch Trap

One of the biggest problems in the insurance world is the sales pitch. Many permanent life insurance policies are sold using emotionally charged scenarios:

  • “Don’t you want to make sure your kids are taken care of, no matter what?”
  • “This policy builds wealth while protecting your family.”
  • “It’s a forced savings account with tax advantages.”

These statements can be true, but only in the right context. Understanding the difference between permanent life insurance and term life insurance is important. For many people, especially younger families, a term policy covers their needs more appropriately, while allowing them to invest elsewhere with higher returns and more flexibility.

Real-Life Scenario: The General

One particularly painful example is that of a retired general who, as a young enlisted servicemember, was sold a permanent life insurance policy. It sounded good at the time, but as years passed, he couldn’t keep up with the premiums. Eventually, the policy lapsed, and he had to pay money just to get out of it.
This is not an isolated case. Many financial advisors have stories of clients who unknowingly signed up for policies that made more sense for the insurance agent than for the client.

When Does Term Life Insurance Make Sense?

Term life insurance is a great fit when:

  • You’re in your 20s, 30s, or 40s
  • You have young children
  • You have a mortgage or other debts
  • You’re the primary income earner
  • You’re still building wealth
  • You’re looking for the highest death benefit at the lowest cost

Many people choose a 20- or 30-year term that lines up with their working years, their mortgage, and their children’s timeline to adulthood. A typical example:

  • Age: 35
  • Kids: Ages 3 and 5
  • Mortgage: 25 years remaining
  • Goal: Provide income replacement until kids are grown and debt is paid off

In this case, a 30-year term policy with a $2–3 million death benefit may cost a few hundred dollars a year. After 30 years, ideally, you’ve built enough wealth that insurance isn’t as necessary.

When Does Permanent Life Insurance Make Sense?

Permanent life insurance might make sense when:

  • You have a family history of medical issues and want guaranteed lifetime coverage
  • You need coverage for estate planning purposes (e.g., estate tax mitigation)
  • You’ve maxed out other tax-advantaged accounts like Roth IRAs and 401(k)s
  • You need a tool for legacy planning or charitable giving
  • You’re extremely high net worth and looking for a unique tax-advantaged vehicle

Even then, it should be carefully evaluated with an advisor, not just purchased because it “sounds good.” Also consider:

  • Trust planning: Permanent policies can be structured within irrevocable life insurance trusts (ILITs) to reduce estate tax burdens.
  • Business succession: Some owners use permanent policies for buy-sell agreements or to fund key person insurance.

Key Questions to Ask Before You Buy Life Insurance

  • What is the purpose of this insurance? Is it for income replacement? Paying off debt? Estate planning?
  • How long do I need coverage? Do you just need protection while raising kids and paying off your house, or lifelong?
  • Can I afford this long-term? Many permanent policies are expensive and can lapse if not maintained.
  • Have I maxed out other savings tools? If not, insurance shouldn’t be your investment strategy.
  • Do I fully understand the fees, structure, and returns? If it sounds too good to be true, it usually is.
  • What happens if I need to cancel or pause my policy? Know the surrender charges, risks of lapsing, and options for flexibility.
  • Is the recommendation coming from a fiduciary advisor or a commission-based sales rep? This distinction matters a lot.

Life Insurance in a Holistic Financial Plan

Life insurance is not a standalone decision. It should fit within a bigger picture of your overall financial life.

  • Budgeting: Ensure the premium fits your cash flow.
  • Investing: Term insurance frees up funds to invest in retirement accounts or taxable brokerage accounts.
  • Debt management: Life insurance can ensure debt doesn’t burden your loved ones.
  • Legacy goals: Permanent insurance might support charitable gifts or leave behind wealth.
  • Retirement: Term policies typically expire as you near retirement, ideally when your need for income replacement is reduced.

How to Review Your Existing Policy

If you already have life insurance, it may be time for a checkup. Ask yourself:

  • Does this policy still fit my current needs?
  • Have my income, debts, or family circumstances changed?
  • Am I paying too much for too little?
  • Have I been properly informed of all the features and downsides?
  • Could I switch to a more cost-effective or appropriate policy?

Work with a fiduciary advisor to evaluate your options before canceling or replacing any policy.

Final Thoughts:

What’s right for you now that you’ve reviewed the difference between permanent life insurance and term life insurance? There’s no one-size-fits-all answer, but for many people, term life insurance provides the protection they need at a cost they can afford, especially when they’re just starting out, raising a family, or growing their career.

Permanent life insurance has a place, but it’s more of a niche solution. If someone is pushing it on you before fully understanding your financial picture, that’s a red flag. As with most things in financial planning, the key is to stay informed, ask the right questions, and work with someone who’s willing to walk through your goals and your numbers, not just sell you a product.

Need Help Deciding?

At Bonfire Financial, we walk clients through life insurance options in a way that’s educational, not sales-driven. We’ll show you the actual numbers and help you choose what works best for your stage of life and financial goals. Schedule a call with us today!

Learn More About Choosing the Right Term Policy

If you’re ready to dive deeper into your options, check out our guide to the Best Term Life Insurance. It breaks down the top providers, features to look for, and how to get the most value from your policy.

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